Sustainability Essentials

A Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) calculates the total greenhouse gas emissions associated across a product’s life cycle—from raw material extraction, manufacturing, transport, use, to end-of-life disposal or recycling. It is essentially the carbon footprint specific to a product.

The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) is a global collaboration (by CDP, UN Global Compact, WRI, WWF) that helps companies and financial institutions set greenhouse gas reduction targets aligned with the latest climate science and the goals of the Paris Agreement. Science-based targets are emission reduction goals that are grounded in scientific evidence, ensuring that the level and pace of reductions are consistent with limiting global warming to safe levels (e.g. well below 2 °C, ideally 1.5 °C).

Direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the organization. Examples include emissions from combustion in boilers, furnaces, company vehicles, and fugitive emissions (e.g. leaks).

All other indirect emissions in an organization’s value chain that are not included in Scope 1 or Scope 2. These include upstream (e.g. supplier production) and downstream (e.g. product use, waste, transportation) emissions.

Refers to the climate-related disclosure rules proposed or mandated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). These rules would (or will) require publicly listed companies to disclose climate risks, greenhouse gas emissions (including upstream/downstream where material), governance, strategy, metrics, and targets in line with frameworks such as TCFD or equivalently robust standards.

The TNFD is a global initiative that provides guidance and recommendations for companies and financial institutions to identify, assess, manage, and report nature-related risks and opportunities, particularly those linked to biodiversity, ecosystems, and natural capital.

The TCFD is a global voluntary framework initiated by the Financial Stability Board (FSB). It provides recommendations for companies to disclose climate-related risks and opportunities through four pillars: governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics & targets. The TCFD framework is widely adopted and often serves as a foundation that regulatory standards build upon.

The UAE Climate Decree 2025 is a legislative or regulatory commitment by the United Arab Emirates aiming to codify climate action, emissions reduction goals, and compliance mechanisms by the year 2025. It may include obligations for organizations in the UAE to measure, report, and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, contribute to national climate targets, or align with international best practices.